As someone who’s spent over a decade guiding trips and writing about the outdoors, I’ve often been asked what separates those who simply endure a challenging situation from those who truly thrive when faced with adversity in the wild. It’s not always about having the fanciest gear, though that certainly helps. It’s about the internal resources – the traits for survival – that allow individuals to overcome obstacles and return safely. Understanding these qualities of a survivor is paramount, whether you’re a seasoned backcountry explorer, a wilderness guide, or simply someone who wants to be better prepared for unexpected events. We’ll delve into the core characteristics, explore some lost skills of the past that are making a comeback, and discuss how to cultivate a resilient mindset.
While physical prowess is important, the mental game is often the deciding factor in a survival scenario. I’ve seen physically fit individuals crumble under pressure, while those with less obvious physical advantages persevere through sheer mental fortitude. Here are some of the most critical mental characteristics of a survivor:
This isn’t just about “thinking happy thoughts.” A PMA in a survival situation is a pragmatic optimism – a belief in your ability to find a solution, even when things look bleak. It’s about focusing on what you can control, rather than dwelling on what you can’t. As the National Park Service (NPS Wilderness Safety) emphasizes, panic is a major contributor to poor decision-making. A calm, focused mind is your greatest asset.
Things rarely go according to plan in the wilderness. The ability to adapt to changing circumstances and improvise solutions is crucial. This means being able to think outside the box, utilize available resources creatively, and adjust your strategy as needed. Resourcefulness isn’t about having all the answers; it’s about knowing how to find them.
Survival is, at its core, a series of problems that need to be solved: finding water, building shelter, signaling for help. Developing strong problem-solving skills involves breaking down complex challenges into smaller, manageable steps, assessing risks, and evaluating potential solutions. Practice these skills before you need them – through map and compass work, wilderness first aid courses, and scenario-based training.
This is perhaps the most fundamental trait. A strong desire to survive, a refusal to give up, is what fuels the other mental qualities. It’s a deeply personal attribute, but it can be strengthened through self-awareness, mindfulness, and a connection to something larger than yourself.
While mental fortitude is paramount, certain physical skills and attributes significantly increase your chances of survival. These aren’t necessarily about being an elite athlete; they’re about having a baseline level of fitness and possessing practical skills.
You don’t need to be a marathon runner, but a reasonable level of physical fitness is essential. Being able to hike long distances, carry a pack, and perform physically demanding tasks will conserve energy and reduce the risk of injury. Regular exercise, including cardiovascular training and strength building, is a worthwhile investment.
Knowing how to treat injuries and illnesses in a remote setting can be life-saving. A Wilderness First Responder (WFR) or Wilderness First Aid (WFA) certification is highly recommended for anyone spending time in the backcountry. (REI Expert Advice on First Aid Training) provides a good overview of course options.
Fire provides warmth, light, a means to purify water, and a psychological boost. Mastering multiple fire-starting methods – matches, lighters, ferro rods, friction-based techniques – is a critical skill. Practice in various conditions to build proficiency.
Protection from the elements is vital. Knowing how to construct a basic shelter using natural materials can prevent hypothermia and exposure. Learn about different shelter types and practice building them in a safe environment.
Getting lost is a common cause of survival situations. Proficiency in map and compass navigation, as well as GPS use (with backup batteries!), is essential. Don’t rely solely on technology; learn to navigate using natural features.
For generations, humans relied on a different skillset for survival – one that has largely been lost in modern society. However, there’s a growing movement to reclaim these lost skills of the past, recognizing their value in both wilderness settings and everyday life. These skills complement modern techniques and can provide a crucial edge in a survival situation.
Knowing which plants are safe to eat can supplement your food supply. However, never consume a plant unless you are 100% certain of its identification. Consult with a knowledgeable expert or use reliable field guides. (USDA Forest Service Ethnobotany) offers resources on traditional plant uses.
While regulations vary by location, knowing how to construct basic traps and snares can provide a source of protein. Be aware of local laws and ethical considerations.
Beyond boiling water, learn about other methods of water purification, such as solar disinfection and building a transpiration bag. Understanding how to locate water sources – springs, seeps, dew – is also crucial.
A seemingly simple skill, knot tying is incredibly versatile. Knowing a variety of knots – square knot, bowline, clove hitch – can be used for shelter building, gear repair, and rescue operations.
Developing the traits for survival isn’t something that happens overnight. It requires deliberate practice, training, and a commitment to self-improvement. Here’s how to cultivate a resilient mindset:
Even in a survival situation, it’s crucial to minimize your impact on the environment. The principles of Leave No Trace (Leave No Trace) should guide your actions. Pack out everything you pack in, minimize campfire impacts, respect wildlife, and leave the area as you found it.
Ultimately, the what qualities help us survive aren’t just about mastering a set of skills. It’s about cultivating a mindset of resilience, adaptability, and resourcefulness. It’s about recognizing that survival is not just a physical challenge, but a mental and emotional one as well. By investing in your training, honing your skills, and embracing a positive attitude, you can significantly increase your chances of not only surviving, but thriving, in the face of adversity. Remember, preparation is key, and a strong spirit is your most valuable asset.