As a seasoned outdoor industry writer and adventurer with over a decade of experience, I’ve seen a lot of unexpected wildlife encounters. But the recent surge in reports of sharks – yes, sharks – in the Great Lakes, particularly the St. Lawrence River and Lake Ontario, has been truly remarkable. This isn’t just a sensational news story for Shark Week videographers looking for a unique angle; it’s a developing situation that requires informed responses from outdoor professionals, guides, camp owners, and anyone working or recreating in these waters. This guide will cover what we know about sharks in these freshwater systems, safety considerations, reporting procedures, and how to responsibly manage potential encounters.
For decades, the idea of a shark in Lake Ontario or a shark in the St. Lawrence River seemed like a tall tale. However, increasing water temperatures, coupled with the sharks’ adaptability, are making these sightings more frequent. The primary species being reported is the Bull Shark (Carcharhinus leucas). Unlike most sharks, Bull Sharks have a physiological ability to tolerate freshwater for extended periods due to their efficient osmoregulation (managing salt balance). This allows them to travel far up rivers and, increasingly, into the Great Lakes.
According to the NOAA Fisheries, Bull Sharks are euryhaline, meaning they can survive in a wide range of salinities. They’ve been documented in the Mississippi River, the Amazon River, and even freshwater lakes in Africa. Their presence in the Great Lakes isn’t entirely unprecedented, but the frequency is increasing. The US Geological Survey is actively monitoring these trends.
While Bull Sharks are the most common, there have been unconfirmed reports of other species. However, their physiological limitations make sustained freshwater survival unlikely. The focus for now remains on understanding and managing the Bull Shark population. It’s important to note that the vast majority of shark encounters are non-aggressive, but awareness is crucial.
As an outdoor professional, your responsibility extends to ensuring the safety of your clients and yourself. Here’s a breakdown of safety protocols to implement:
Accurate and timely reporting is vital for tracking shark movements and assessing potential risks. Here’s how to report a sighting:
The increased media attention, particularly from Shark Week videographers, can be a double-edged sword. While raising awareness is positive, sensationalism can create unnecessary fear and disrupt the ecosystem. Here are guidelines for responsible filming:
Lake Ontario, being the smallest and most connected of the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean via the St. Lawrence Seaway, is currently experiencing the highest number of reported shark sightings. This is likely due to easier access for Bull Sharks. Outdoor businesses operating on Lake Ontario should be particularly vigilant.
The St. Lawrence River presents unique challenges due to its strong currents and proximity to populated areas. A shark in the St. Lawrence River poses a different set of risks than in the open lake.
Even when dealing with a potentially dangerous animal like a shark, it’s crucial to adhere to Leave No Trace principles. Remember that sharks are an important part of the ecosystem, even in freshwater environments. Avoid any actions that could harm or disturb them.
The presence of sharks in the Great Lakes is a complex issue with evolving implications for outdoor professionals. By staying informed, implementing safety protocols, and promoting responsible engagement, we can ensure the safety of our clients and the health of these incredible ecosystems. As a Shark Week videographer or any other outdoor professional, your role in this is paramount.