As a seasoned hunter and outdoor writer, I’ve spent years pursuing upland game birds across the country. There’s nothing quite like the thrill of a flushing pheasant or the quick wingbeats of a dove. Selecting the right shotgun is paramount to success, and often comes down to personal preference, but understanding the nuances of different gauges and actions is crucial. This guide will focus on the popular 12 gauge dove and quail setup, but we’ll also explore options in 20 gauge and delve into reviews of popular models like the Weatherby Orion, CZ shotguns, and more. We’ll cover everything from semi-automatics to over-unders, helping you find the best game gun for your needs.
The gauge of a shotgun refers to the diameter of the barrel. A 12 gauge has a larger bore diameter than a 20 gauge, meaning it generally throws a denser pattern of shot. This is beneficial for larger birds like pheasant and grouse, but can be overkill for smaller, faster-moving birds like dove and quail. However, the 12 gauge dove and quail combination remains popular due to its versatility and readily available ammunition.
The debate between 12 and 20 gauge is ongoing. Here’s a breakdown:
For a truly versatile option, many hunters opt for a 20ga over under upland setup. However, if you primarily hunt pheasant and occasionally dove/quail, a 12 gauge is a solid choice. If you’re primarily focused on smaller birds, a 20 gauge will be more comfortable and effective.
There are three main types of shotguns commonly used for upland bird hunting: semi-automatic, over-under, and side-by-side. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages.
Semi-automatic shotguns, like the Hatsan Escort 12 gauge semi auto or the Benelli models, cycle rounds automatically after each shot, allowing for rapid follow-up shots. This is particularly useful when hunting flushing birds. They are generally more affordable than over-unders. However, they can be more prone to malfunctions if not properly maintained. The CZ 12 gauge semi auto review consistently receives positive feedback for reliability.
Over-under shotguns, such as the Weatherby Orion, feature two barrels stacked vertically. They are known for their reliability, balance, and aesthetic appeal. They require manual operation (breaking open the action to reload), which can be slower than a semi-automatic. The Weatherby Orion shotgun review often highlights its smooth action and excellent build quality. Many consider them the best over under shotgun for pheasants due to their ability to handle heavier loads.
Side-by-side shotguns, while classic, are less common for upland hunting today. They offer a unique aesthetic and can be very reliable, but they typically have more recoil and are heavier than other types.
Let's dive into some specific shotgun models that consistently receive high marks from hunters.
The Weatherby Orion 12 gauge reviews consistently praise its value and performance. It’s an over-under shotgun that offers a good balance of quality and affordability. The Weatherby Orion over under review often mentions its crisp trigger pull and durable construction. It’s available in both 12 and 20 gauge, making it a versatile choice. The Weatherby over under 12 review also notes its suitability for both beginners and experienced hunters.
CZ (Česká zbrojovka) shotguns, like the CZ 712 and CZ Bobwhite G2 Project Upland, are known for their reliability and excellent value. The CZ Quail 20g is a particularly popular choice for quail and dove hunting. The CZ 20 gauge auto is also a strong contender for those seeking a lightweight and reliable semi-automatic.
Benelli shotguns, such as the Benelli Ultralight 20 gauge Cabela's, are renowned for their inertia-driven semi-automatic actions, which are incredibly reliable and recoil-reducing. They are a premium option, but offer exceptional performance. The Benelli 20 gauge youth and Benelli youth 20 gauge models are excellent choices for introducing young hunters to the sport.
Other shotguns worth considering include:
Selecting the correct ammunition is just as important as choosing the right shotgun. For 12 gauge dove and quail, I recommend using 2 ¾ inch shells with a shot size of 7 ½ or 8. For pheasant, a 12 gauge with 3 ½ inch shells and a shot size of 4 or 5 is a good starting point. The best 12 gauge ammo for pheasant hunting often depends on the range and cover. Always check local regulations regarding shot type (lead vs. non-toxic).
Don't forget these essential accessories:
Choosing the best shotgun for quail hunting, dove, or pheasant ultimately comes down to your individual needs and preferences. Consider your budget, hunting style, and the types of birds you’ll be pursuing. Don’t hesitate to try out different models at a shooting range before making a purchase. Remember to prioritize safety and practice responsible hunting ethics, as outlined by the Leave No Trace principles and your state’s wildlife agency. Happy hunting!
Disclaimer: I am an outdoor enthusiast and writer, and this information is based on my experience and research. Always consult with a qualified firearms instructor and follow all applicable laws and regulations.